KTET Category 2 (UP) Exam Pattern 2022

Many of the competitive exam aspirants always ask the same doubt like “How many times KTET exam is held in a year?” Earlier, it was conducted after every three months (Three times a year). Now, after the covid times, it reduces to two times a year. The exam is actually conducted not by Kerala PSC but by Pareekshabhavan in four phases for category 1, 2, 3 and 4. KTET category 2 exam pattern is shown in the table below:

KTET Exam Pattern 2022

Category 2 (For Upper primary classes)

KTET Syllabus (Category 2)

I. CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND PEDAGOGY

A. Child development (Elementary Child)

1. Concept of development and its relation with learning

Growth and Development - stages of development - Infancy, Child hood, Adolescence - Maturation -

Relationship between development, Maturation and learning.

Principles of development of children

Major principles of growth and development - Implication of learning -

Influence of Heredity and Environment

Role of Heredity and Environment on the development of child -Teacher's role.

2. Socialization Process

Concept of Socialization - Social world and children: Role of family, peers, teachers in the process of

socialization - pattern of social development - Erick Erikson's theory of psychosocial development.

3. Piaget, Kohlberg, Vygotsky - Constructs and Critical Perspectives

Cognitive development theory of Piaget, Kohlberg's theory of moral development - Vygotsky's theory of

social constructivism - Educational Implications.

4. Concept of child centered and progressive Education.

Concept of child centeredness - Individual difference - Methods of teaching and learning - Activity methods

- Concept of progressive education - Role of teacher.

5. Critical perspective of the construct of Intelligence

Concept of Intelligence - Theories of intelligence - factor theories - S -I model of Intellect - multiple

Intelligences - Concept of I Q - Intelligence Tests (Examples) - Sternberg's Information processing theory.

6. Language and Thought

Language development - stages, Theories - Piaget, Vygotsky, Chomsky - Relationship between language

and thought -approaches to language learning and teaching.

7. Gender as a social construct

Gender Roles, bias, educational practices - Gender equality - teacher's role.

8. Individual difference among learners

Understanding differences based on diversity of language, caste, gender, community, religion etc. Individual

difference - socio cultural determinants

9. Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation

(CCE) Concept - Assessment to learning - strategies - Cumulative records, Anecdotal records, Portfolios

Assessment Techniques. - Feed back

10. Nature of prior learning

Readiness for learning - Strategies for assessment - Encouraging critical thinking - Teacher's role.

B. Inclusive Education

Addressing learners from diverse back grounds - including disadvantaged and deprived. LD, MR, O P H,

Sensorily deprived - socially and culturally deprived - Educational Implications/ Addressing the needs of

LD. Exceptional children - Gifted, creative, special abled children - educational provision - Needs -

characteristics - Identification and Remedial measures

C. Learning and Pedagogy

Identification of individual learner needs - Intellectual, Emotional, Social, Creative needs, Catering to the

individual needs of learners.

1. Process of teaching and learning -

Creating Learning situations - criteria of learning experiences - different modes of learning - social learning

(Bandura) - co-operative and collaborative learning, Group discussion - Role of Teacher.

2. Cognitive Process and Emotions

Perception - concept formation - thinking - Imagination - Reasoning - Inductive and deductive - Problem

solving - Memory - Emotional development - characteristics, Emotional maturity Emotional Intelligence

- Emotional Quittance (EQ)

3. Motivation and Learning

Learning - Factors affecting Learning - Theories of Learning - Pavlov, Thorndike, Skinner, Gagne’s

hierarchy of learning, Insightful learning (Kohler) - Constructivism - Piaget, Bruner, Vygotsky, Ausubel -

Educational Implications

Motivation - Concept, types - Importance to learning - Theories of motivation - Abraham Maslow, Mc Cleland

4. Personality and adjustment

Concept - Approaches - Type, Trait - Allport - Measurement of personality - Projective and Non projective

techniques - Adjustment Mechanisms

II. LANGUAGE I - MALAYALAM/ENGLISH/TAMIL/KANNADA

1. MALAYALAM

അവധാരണം (ഗദ്യം)

കേന്ദ്രാശയം കണ്ടെത്തൽ

വിശകലനം

നിഗമന രൂപീകരണം

അവതരണം (പദ്യം)

കേന്ദ്രാശയം കണ്ടെത്തൽ

അർത്ഥ സാധ്യതകൾ കണ്ടെത്തൽ

വ്യാഖ്യാനം

മാതൃഭാഷാപഠനത്തിന്റെ ബോധനശാസ്ത്രം

ഭാഷാപഠനം സംബന്ധിച്ച സിദ്ധാന്തങ്ങൾ

വ്യത്യസ്ത കഴിവുകളുള്ള കുട്ടികൾക്ക് പ്രത്യേക പരിഗണന നൽകൽ

പാഠ്യപദ്ധതി വിനിമയത്തിന്റെ രീതിശാസ്ത്രം

ഭാഷ, സാഹിത്യം, സംസ്കാരം

ശൈലികളും പ്രയോഗങ്ങളും

പ്രായോഗിക വ്യാകരണം

പഴഞ്ചൊല്ലുകൾ

സാഹിത്യത്തിലെ നൂതന പ്രവണതകൾ

കാവ്യശാസ്ത്രം

താളബോധം

B. ENGLISH

a. Language Comprehension

• An unfamiliar passage or poem with questions on reading comprehension, inference, vocabulary

and language elements.

• Questions to evaluate the knowledge of basic grammar such as Tense forms, Articles, Prepositions

and Linkers.

b. Pedagogy of Language Development

• Language Acquisition and Learning - Theories and their classroom implications.

• Principles of Language Teaching

• Language skills - Strategies to develop them

• Problems and challenges in language classrooms

• Teaching learning materials - Textbook, ICT and other teaching aids.

• Learner Assessment - Self, Peer, Teacher

• Strategies for teaching children with special needs (CWSN)

• Teacher Attitude and Aptitude

C. TAMIL

1. Reading Comprehension - Prose

A. Comprehension of theme

B. Interpretation

C. Inference

2. Reading Comprehension - Poem. 5 Questions

A. Poetic images

B. Comprehension of themes

C. Interpretation

E. Extended Meaning

3. Pedagogical aspects of Mother tongue education

A. Principles of Language Learning

B. Inclusion of differently abled children

C. Methodology of curriculum Transaction

4. Language Literature and culture.

A. Books and Authors

B. Functional Grammar

C. Proverbs

D. Trends in Literature

E. Foreign Contribution in Tamil Literature

F. Tamil Festivals and Folk Arts

D. KANNADA

1. Reading comprehension - Prose

A. Comprehension of Theme

B. Interpretation

C. Inference

2. Reading comprehension –Poem

A. Comprehension of Theme

B. Poetic images

C. Poetic emotions and feelings

D. Imagining elements

3. Pedagogical aspects of Kannada Language – Class 6 to 8 10 Questions

A. Principles of Language learning

B. Classroom Practices

C. Inclusion of differently abled children

D. Methodology of curriculum transaction

4. History of Language, Literature and Culture 10 Questions

A. Idioms, Phrases and usages

B. Functional grammar

C. Proverbs

D. Rhythms

E. History and Forms of Literature

III. LANGUAGE II - MALAYALAM/ENGLISH/HINDI/

ARABIC/URDU/SANSKRIT

1. MALAYALAM

അവധാരണം (ഗദ്യം)

കേന്ദ്രാശയം കണ്ടെത്തൽ

വിശകലനം

നിഗമനരൂപീകരണം

അവതരണം (പദ്യം)

കേന്ദ്രാശയം കണ്ടെത്തൽ

അർത്ഥ സാധ്യതകൾ കണ്ടെത്തൽ

വ്യാഖ്യാനം

മാതൃഭാഷാപഠനത്തിന്റെ ബോധനശാസ്ത്രം

ഭാഷാപഠനം സംബന്ധിച്ച സിദ്ധാന്തങ്ങൾ

വ്യത്യസ്ത കഴിവുകളുള്ള കുട്ടികൾക്കു പ്രത്യേക പരിഗണന നൽകൽ

പാഠ്യപദ്ധതി വിനിമയത്തിന്റെ രീതിശാസ്ത്രം

ഭാഷ, സാഹിത്യം, സംസ്കാരം

ശൈലികളും പ്രയോഗങ്ങളും

പ്രായോഗിക വ്യാകരണം

പഴഞ്ചൊല്ലുകൾ

സാഹിത്യത്തിലെ നൂതന പ്രവണതകൾ

കാവ്യശാസ്ത്രം

താളബോധം

B. ENGLISH

a. Language Comprehension

• One or two unfamiliar passages or poems with questions on comprehension, inference, vocabulary

and elements of grammar.

• A few questions to evaluate knowledge of basic grammar, such as

- Article

- Concord

- Question tags

- Prepositions

- Tense and time

- Modal Auxiliaries

- Phrasal verbs and idioms

- Degrees of comparison

- Active and passive voice

- Reported speech

- Language functions

- Error identification

b. Pedagogy of Language Development

• Language Acquisition and Learning - Theories and their classroom implications.

• Principles of Language Teaching

• Problems and challenges in the language classrooms

• Language skills - strategies to develop them

• Teaching learning materials - Textbook, ICT and other teaching aids.

• Assessment - Self, Peer, Teacher

• Strategies for teaching children with special needs (CWSN)

C. HINDI

A. Pedagogy of language development.

• Concepts and process in language learning and acquisition.

• Developments - principles of language teaching.

• Role of listening and speaking.

• Functions of language and how children use it as a tool in formal and informal situations.

• Role of grammar in learning language for communicating ideas verbally and in written forms critical perspective.

• Challenges in language teaching.

• Diverse classroom - errors and disorders.

• Language skills.

• Evaluation in language learning-comprehension and proficiency.

• Teaching-learning material-other resource materials to be used in class rooms.

• Remedial measures to be taken in language class.

• Creating proper interactive situations in language class rooms.

• Competence of a teacher in selecting proper extended materials in language class rooms.

• Various forms of presentation of discourses in language class rooms.

• How to address the special needs of differently abled children in language class rooms.

B. Questions for Language comprehension

Reading unseen passages (prose, poem) and elements of language

Division of Questions

Question from Poem 5 Questions

Question from Prose 6 Questions

Question from Language Elements 4 Questions

(Translation, technical terms, history of language, language elements)

• Question to be asked on the basis of the poem given to test the competence to comprehend ideas

and enjoy the poetic emotions and feelings, imaginative elements, ideas and views beyond the lines,

particular forms of composition, etc.

• Questions on the given prose or drama to test the competency for comprehension, interpretation

and language usage.

• Language elements like structure of sentences, combination of words, usage of words in various

situations, idioms in use and basic grammar.

• History & Culture of Languages - Major landmarks - developments of modern prose (Discourses)

D. ARABIC

E. URDU

F. SANSKRIT

(A) Language Comprehension

IV.A SCIENCE & MATHEMATICS

a) Content

{Germination of seed

• Steps of seed germination.

• Plant adaptations.

• Pest-pest control.

• Chemical and biological pest control.

{Cell

• Cell structure.

• Cell organelles.

• Tissue.

• Types of tissues.

• Organ system.

• Levels of organization.

{Diseases

• Microorganisms.

• Mode of disease transmission.

• Preventive measures.

{Pollution

• Different types of pollution.

• Bio-degradable and non-bio degradable pollutants.

• Plastic waste.

{Cardio vascular system

• Heart -blood-lymph

• Arteries- veins- capillaries

• Cardio vascular diseases

{Cellular equilibrium

• Osmosis-diffusion-active transport

• Cellular equilibrium

{Excretion

• Kidney-skin.

{Plant reproduction

• Agents of pollination

• Seed dispersal

• Types of fruits.

{Animal nutrition

• Human digestive system

• Indigenous food

• Food adulteration.

{Human nervous system

• Brain-nervous disorders.

{Body structure

• Human skeletal system

• Joints

• First aid.

{Agriculture

• Hybrid varieties of plants

• Crop rotation

• Nitrogen fixation

• Vegetative propagation- (budding, grafting, layering)

• Tissue culture

• Plant nutrition

• Chemical and bio fertilizers

• Integrated farming

• Pisciculture- sericulture- apiculture

• Plant diseases-plant disease control measures

• Agricultural garden- agricultural research institutes.

• Indigenous varieties of animals- hybrid varieties of animals.

• Taxonomy

• Two kingdom and five kingdom classification

• Binomial nomenclature.

{Ecosystem

• Food chain- food web- positive and negative interactions.

{Bio diversity

• Conservation of bio diversity

• Biosphere reserve- national park- zoological park- gene bank-

• Endemic species

• Hot spot- sustainable development.

{Transparent and opaque objects

Reflection of light - images-different types of mirrors. solar eclipse-lunar eclipse-orbit-satellite information technology, Image formation by spherical mirrors.

{Solar system

Sun, planets, satellites, asteroids, meteorites, comets, etc.

{Simple machines

Inclined plane-pulleys-lever-fulcrum-resistance-effort -application of simple machines-electromagnet

{Magnetism

Properties of magnet, applications, earth's magnetism

{Energy

Different forms of energy-fuels-conservation of energy-forms of fuels-potential energy- kinetic

energy-evaporation of water-

{Thermal Expansion

Density - heat and change of state-sea breeze and land breeze-atmospheric pressure and its

application-fluid pressure. temperature, thermometer

{Static Electricity

Frictional electricity, electroscope, earthing, lightning and lightning arresters, conductors and insulators.

{Sound

Production of sound-characteristics of sound, application of sound (sonar, ultra sound etc) propagation

of sound - sound pollution-musical instruments.

{Motion

Different types of motion-uniform, non-uniform speed-velocity-acceleration-Newton's laws of

motion-friction-advantages and disadvantages.

{Thermal conductivity

Radiation-applications of thermal insulators (flask, casseroles)

{Basic concepts of force

Types of force-inertia-relation between inertia and mass.

Basic concepts of thrust and pressure-relationship between surface area and thrust.

Atmospheric pressure - barometer

{Different types of mixtures

Methods of separation of pure substances-acids and bases and its characteristics, reaction with

metals and carbonates.

Neutralization, PH

{Metals

Metals and its characteristics-prevention of corrosion.

{Cosmetics

{Chemical reactions and its classification

Chemical reactions in day-to-day life-effect of chemical reactions on nature.

Molecules and atoms- fundamental concepts-classification of matter-symbols of elements-properties

of elements and matter-structure of atom-discovery-Dalton's concept- atom model-Bohr' model of

atom-atomic number and mass number.

Octet electronic configuration

Role of electrons in bonding- valency-ions - atomicity

b. Pedagogy

Approaches to the science curriculum-criticism of contemporary science education-Aims and objectives

of science education-science literacy.

Approaches of science education-taxonomy of science education.

Knowledge domain

Problem solving skills-creativity domain-attitudinal domain-application domain

Scientific inquiry

Pedagogic strategies-activity based - collaborative and cooperative learning.

Significance of the history of science

Significance of laboratory

Evaluation, CCE, assessment of performance

Scientific attitude

Methods of science teaching

Role of science teacher

Teaching and learning aids

Psychological basis of science learning

The examination will be broadly based on the topics prescribed for classes 6 to 8 in the Kerala State

syllabus for mathematics but some problems may have links to extension of these concepts to the Higher

Secondary stage. The details are given below:

1. Content

Arithmetic

Fractions: Different forms of the same fraction and reduction to lowest terms. Operations on fractions.

Representation of certain fractions as terminating decimals. Operations on such decimals.

Percent: Concept of percent and its relation to fractions. Applications of percent in monetary transactions,

such as interest (simple and compound), profit and loss, and discount.

Average: Average as representative number of a group of numbers. Computation of average. Quick

computation of the change in average when one number of the group is replaced by another. Average of

combined groups

Negative Numbers: Use of negative numbers in certain physical contexts such as temperature and

scoring. Fundamental operations of negative numbers. Use of negative numbers in algebra.

Exponentiation: Exponentiation as repeated multiplication. Positive integral powers. Multiplication and

division of numbers expressed as powers. Meaning of negative powers and its use in simplification.

Ratio and Proportion: Ratios for comparing two or more magnitudes using a common unit. Multiple

interpretations of comparisons involving ratios. Uses of the idea in such contexts as comparing different

types in a group, different ingredients in a mixture, monetary division, aspect ratio in geometry and so on.

Proportion as change of quantities without changing the ratio. The idea of the constant of proportion

Inverse proportion as proportionality with the reciprocal. Use of these

ideas in physics, such as in elasticity, levers and gravitation.

Time and Distance: The concept of average speed. Relation between time, distance and average speed.

Finding average speed of trips done in two parts in various cases such as when the distance in both parts

are equal and when the time for both parts are the same.

Algebra

Use of algebra to express unchanging relations between changing physical quantities. Algebraic expressions

as shorthand for arithmetical operations on unspecified numbers. General properties of arithmetic operations,

especially products of sums and differences as algebraic identities. Formulation and solution of a linear

equation in one unknown, arising from certain physical and mathematical contexts.

Geometry

Angles: Angle as measure of slant and as measure of spread. Degree measure of an angle by dividing a

circle into 360 equal sectors. Perpendicularity relation between the four angles made by two intersecting

lines.

Parallel Lines: A pair of parallel lines as lines keeping the same distance throughout and as lines having

the same slant with a third line. Characterization of a pair of parallel lines in terms of various pairs of

angles from the eight angles made by intersection with a third line. Sum of angles of a triangle and

polygons.

Triangles: Area of a triangle in terms of base and height. Drawing triangles according to some specified

measures. Cases where two different triangles are possible and no triangle is possible. The concept of

congruency of triangles, Sufficient conditions for two triangles to be congruent, such as having lengths of

all three sides equal, lengths of two sides and included angle equal, lengths of one side and the two angles

on it equal. Various applications of these ideas such as in proving properties of parallelograms and isosceles

triangles, drawing the perpendicular bisector of a line and bisector of an angle.

Quadrilaterals: Classification of quadrilaterals as rectangle, square, parallelogram, rhombus, and trapezium

and their various characterizations. Drawing these types of quadrilaterals of specified measures. Areas

of various types of quadrilaterals.

Solids: The idea of a rectangular prism. Its volume and surface area.

Statistics

Graphical Representation: Representing numerical data as pictographs, bar graphs, multiple bar graphs,

line graphs and pie charts. Drawing inferences from such graphs.

Tabular Representation: Representing numerical data as a frequency table.

2. Pedagogy

Nature of Mathematics

Abstraction, Understanding children’s thinking and reasoning. Language of Mathematics.

Place of Mathematics in Curriculum

Aims and objectives of learning mathematics in primary classes -Values of mathematics learning.

Correlation with other subjects, Lower primary and Upper primary Mathematics curriculum

Mathematics - Trends and Developments

Historical development of mathematics

History of great mathematicians and their contributions

Approach to Mathematics Learning

Proper learning experiences keeping in mind the characteristics of children, his natural learning capacity

and the learning process of the child.

Theoretical base of learning mathematics

Learning of Mathematics - Strategies and Methods

learning strategies- Concept attainment, Process oriented approach, Projects, Seminars, Field trip, etc.

Different teaching learning methods –Inductive and deductive method, Analytic and Synthetic method,

Project Method, laboratory method. Planning of a lesson

Learning Materials in Mathematics

Textbook and Handbooks, Information technology, Mathematics club, Mathematics laboratory, Mathematics

fair, Mathematics library. Mathematics collection - collection of mathematical puzzles, riddles, etc.

Mathematics Learning - Evaluation

Concept of continuous and comprehensive evaluation, Evaluation activities, Grading the performance and

recording the results. Diagnosis, Remedial Teaching and Error Analysis.

IV. B SOCIAL SCIENCE

(i) HISTORY

1. Stone age, beginning of agriculture

2. Civilizations - Egypt, China, Mesopotamia, Harappa

3. Industrial and agrarian revolutions, capitalism

4. Socialism, Labour movements and Labour struggles

5. Colonialism in India

6. Struggles of peasants, workers, tribals, women, sepoys, poligars, rulers and chieftains

7. Revolt of 1857

8. Social reform movements of India

9. Indian national movement and Gandhian era.

10. Movements for social change, peasant struggles and national movement in modern Kerala

(ii) GEOGRAPHY

1. Planets and other heavenly bodies

2. Size, shape, interior structure of the earth, seasons, temperature zones

3. Latitude, longitude, longitude and time

4. Map and its types, scale, topographical maps, globe

5. Climate & weather, temperature, pressure, rainfall and winds

6. India - Relief, climate, drainage, vegetation

7. India - Resources, agriculture, industry, transport, population

8. Kerala - Physiography, drainage, agriculture, transport, human life

9. Environmental problems and conservative measures.

(iii) ECONOMICS

1. Economic growth, development and human development - concepts and trends

2. Five Year Plans

3. Agriculture, food security and poverty

4. Traditional industries of Kerala

5. Money and banking

6. Demographic trends - India and Kerala

7. Globalization and India

(iv) POLITICAL SCIENCE

1. Democracy

2. People and state Government

3. Political parties - Types and functions

4. Election process and the Role of Election Commission

5. Local Self Governments

(v) SOCIAL SCIENCE - PEDAGOGY

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