Kerala PSC Dairy Farm Instructor Syllabus 2026: Exam Pattern & Important Topics

Exam Feature

Details

Examination Mode

OMR-based objective-type examination

Total Marks

100

Number of Questions

100

Exam Duration

1 hour 30 minutes

Medium of Examination

English

Negative Marking

1/3 mark deducted for each incorrect answer, if specified in the notification

Selection Process

Shortlisting, certificate verification, interview (if applicable) and preparation of the ranked list

Sl. No

Topics

Marks

1

Fundamental Forces in Nature

1

2

Units and Measurements - SI Systemof Units, Conversion of  one unit to another, Dimensional Analysis

1

3

Motion along a straight line - Distance and Displacement ,  Speed and Velocity, Acceleration

1

4

Motion in a Plane - Scalars and Vectors , Projectile Motion, Centripetal Force

1

5

Laws of Motion - First law of Motion and Inertia , Second law  of motion and force, Recoil Velocity and Rocket Propulsion, Friction and Banking of Curves

1

6

Work Energy and Power - Work- Energy Theorem, Energy - Kinectic and Potential Energies, Power

1

7

Mechanics of Solids - Stress and Strain

1

8

Mechanics of Fluids - Pascal’s law, Bernoulli’s Theorem ,  Surface Tension, Viscosity , Capillarity

1

9

Heat and Thermodynamics - Temperature, Measurement of Temperature, Conduction, Convection and Radiation, Laws  of Thermodynamics, Heat engine and Refrigerator.

1

10

Electric Charge and Fields - Properties of Charge, Coulomb’  law and Gauss Theorem

1

11

Electric Potential and Capacitance - Electric Potential,  Capacitance, Parallel Plate Capacitor, Combination of Capacitors

1

12

Current Electricity - Definition of Current, Drift velocity,  Ohm’s law, Resistance, Kirchoff’s Laws

1

13

Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism - Motion of a  charge in a magnetic field Force between two Parallel wires,  Moving Coil Galvanometer, Earth’ s Magnetism, Magnetic  Properties of materials and its classification

1

14

Electromagnetic Induction - Faraday’s Laws, Self Induction, Mutual Induction, Transformer

1

15

Alternating Current and AC Generator 

1

16

Ray Optics and Wave Optics - Reflection and Refraction, Total Internal Reflection, Interference, Diffraction and  Polarisation

1

17

Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation -  Photoelectric Effect  and deBroglie Waves

1

18

Atomic Nuclei - Mass number, Atomic Number, Mass Defect  and Binding Energy, Radio Activity, Nuclear Fission and Fusion

1

19

SemiConductors - Intrinsic and Extrinsic Semi Conductors,  Rectifiers, transistors and Digital Gates

1

Structure of Atom [Marks - 1] 

➢ Discovery of Sub-atomic Particles 

➢ Atomic Models 

➢ Developments Leading to the Bohr's Model of Atom 

➢ Bohr's Model for Hydrogen Atom 

➢ Towards Quantum Mechanical Model of the Atom 

➢ Quantum Mechanical Model of Atom 
 

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure [Marks - 1] 

➢ Kössel-Lewis Approach to Chemical Bonding 

➢ Ionic or Electrovalent Bond 

➢ Bond Parameters 

➢ The Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) Theory 

➢ Valence Bond Theory 

➢ Hybridisation 

➢ Molecular Orbital Theory 

➢ Bonding in Some Homonuclear Diatomic Molecules 

➢ Hydrogen Bonding

Thermodynamics [Marks – 1] 

➢ Thermodynamic Terms 

➢ Applications 

➢ Measurement of ∆U and ∆H: Calorimetry 

➢ Enthalpy Change, ∆H of a Reaction Reaction Enthalpy 

➢ Enthalpies for Different Types of Reactions 

➢ Spontaneity 

➢ Gibbs Energy Change and Equilibrium

Equilibrium [Marks - 2] 

➢ Equilibrium in Physical Processes 

➢ Equilibrium in Chemical Processes- Dynamic Equilibrium 

➢ Law of Chemical Equilibrium and Equilibrium Constant 

➢ Homogeneous Equilibria 

➢ Heterogeneous Equilibria 

➢ Applications of Equilibrium Constants 

➢ Relationship between Equilibrium Constant K, Reaction Quotient Q and Gibbs  Energy

➢ Factors Affecting Equilibria

➢ Ionic Equilibrium in Solution 

➢ Acids,Bases and Salts 

➢ Ionization of Acids and Bases 

➢ Buffer Solutions 

➢ Solubility Equilibria of Sparingly Soluble Salts

Organic Chemistry-Some Basic Principles and Techniques [Marks - 2]  

➢ General Introduction  

➢ Tetravalence of Carbon: Shapes of Organic Compounds  

➢ Structural Representations of Organic Compounds  

➢ Classification of Organic Compounds  

➢ Nomenclature of Organic Compounds  

➢ Isomerism  

➢ Methods of Purification of Organic Compounds  

➢ Qualitative Analysis of Organic Compounds  

➢ Quantitative Analysts

Solutions. [Marks - 2] 

➢ Types of Solutions 

➢ Expressing Concentration of Solutions 

➢ Solubility 

➢ Vapour Pressure of Liquid Solutions 

➢ Ideal and Non-ideal Solutions 

➢ Colligative Properties and Determination of Molar Mass 

➢ Abnormal Molar Masses

Chemical Kinetics. [Marks - 2] 

➢ Rate of a Chemical Reaction 

➢ Factors Influencing Rate of a Reaction 

➢ Integrated Rate Equations

➢ Temperature Dependence of the Rate of a Reaction 

➢ Collision Theory of Chemical Reactions

Alcohols And Phenols [Marks -3] 

➢ Classifications 

➢ Nomenclature 

➢ Structures of functional Groups 

➢ Alcohols and Phenols 

➢ Some Commercially Important Alcohols

Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids. [Marks - 2] 

➢ Nomenclature and Structure of Carbonyl Group 

➢ Preparation of Aldehydes and Ketones 

➢ Physical Properties 

➢ Chemical Reactions 

➢ Uses of Aldehydes and Ketones 

➢ Nomenclature and Structure of Carboxyl Group 

➢ Methods of Preparation of Carboxylic Acids 

➢ Physical Properties 

➢ Chemical Reactions 

➢ Uses of Carboxylic Acids

Biomolecules [Marks – 4] 

➢ Carbohydrates 

➢ Proteins 

➢ Enzymes 

➢ Vitamin 

➢ Nucleic Acids 

➢ Hormones

Reproduction 

Total (2 marks)

1. Sexual  

reproduction in  flowering plants

Flower structure; Pollination - types,  agencies and examples; Out -  breeding devices; Double fertilization;  Special modes -  apomixes, parthenocarpy, Polyembryony.

Biotechnology and Its Applications 

Total (2 marks)

2. Principles  and process of  Biotechnology

Tools of Recombinant DNA  

Technology ;- Restriction Enzymes,  Cloning Vectors, Amplification of  Gene of Interest using PCR

3. Application  of Biotechnology  in health and  

agriculture

APPLICATIONS IN AGRICULTURE; - Bt Cotton: Pest Resistant Plants /  RNA interference (RNAi). Human  insulin, Gene therapy; Genetically  modified organisms; Transgenic  Animals

Ecology and  

environment 

Total (1mark)

4. Organisms  and Population

Ecological adaptations; Population  interactions - mutualism, competition,  predation, parasitism; Population  attributes - growth, birth rate and death rate.

5. Ecosystems

Components : productivity and  decomposition; Energy flow;  

Pyramids of number, biomass and  energy 

Diversity in Living  World 

Total (1mark)

6. Biological  classification

Five kingdom classification; Lichens; Viruses, Viroids & Prions.

7. Plant  Kingdom

Salient features and classification of  plants into major groups- Algae,  Bryophytes, Pteridophytes  

(Heterospory & Seed habit),  

Gymnosperm and Angiosperm. 

Structural  

Organisation in  Plants  

Total (1 Mark)

8. Morphology of Flowering Plants

Different parts of flowering plants:  Root, leaf venation & phyllotaxy,  inflorescence- Cymose and  

Racemose, Aestivation, Placentation , Seed 

9. Anatomy of  Flowering Plants

The Tissue System :- The Vascular  Tissue system ;Radial, Conjoint,  Open , Closed vascular bundles

Cell Structure and Function 

Total (1Mark)

10. Cell theory  and cell as the  basic unit of life

Cell organelles - Endomembrane  system- Endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, Lysosomes, Vacuoles;  Mitochondria, Ribosomes, Plastids

11. Cell Division

Cell cycle, mitosis, meiosis (main  events)

Plant Physiology 

Total (2 marks)

12. Photosynthesis

Cyclic and Non -Cyclic photo  

phosphorylation; Photorespiration; C3 and C4 pathways

13. Respiration

Cellular respiration - Glycolysis,  fermentation (anaerobic), TCA cycle Respiratory quotient.

14. Plant  

growth and  

development

Growth regulators - Auxin, Gibberellin,  Cytokinin, Ethylene, ABA

Reproduction 

Total (1 marks)

1. Human Reproduction

Male and female reproductive  systems; Gametogenesis 

spermatogenesis & oogenesis  Fertilisation, embryo development up  to blastocyst formation, implantation;  Hormones of placenta; Parturition,  Lactation 

2. Reproductive health

Sexually transmitted diseases (STD);  Birth control- Methods, Contraception  and Medical Termination of  

Pregnancy (MTP); Amniocentesis;  Infertility and assisted reproductive  technologies – IVF( ZIFT, GIFT), AI,  ICSI, Surrogacy

Genetics and  

Evolution 

Total (2 marks)

3. Heredity and  variation

Mendelian Inheritance; Deviations  from Mendelism– Incomplete  dominance, Co-dominance, Multiple  alleles and Inheritance of blood  groups; Polygenic inheritance ,  Pleiotropy ; Sex determination - In  humans, birds, honey bee; Chromosomal disorders in humans; Down’s syndrome,  

Turner’s and Klinefelter’s syndromes.

4. Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Structure of DNA and RNA; DNA  packaging; DNA replication; Central  dogma; Transcription, Genetic code,  Translation; Gene expression and  Regulation - Lac Operon and Human  Genome Project; DNA finger printing.

5. Evolution

Origin of life; Biological evolution and  evidences for biological evolution  (Paleontological, comparative  anatomy); Hardy- Weinberg’s  principle; Adaptive Radiation; Human  evolution.

Biology and Human Welfare 

Total (1 mark)

6. Health and Disease

Pathogens; parasites causing human  diseases (Malaria, Filariasis,  Ascariasis, Typhoid, Pneumonia,  Common cold, Amoebiasis, Ring  worm); Basic concepts of  

Immunology - Vaccines; Cancer, HIV and AIDs..

7. Microbes in human welfare

In household food processing,  industrial production, As bio control  agents and Bio fertilizers.

Ecology and environment Plants  

Total (1 mark)

8. Biodiversity and its conservation

Biodiversity conservation; Hotspots,  endangered organisms, extinction,  Red Data Book, biosphere reserves, National parks and sanctuaries

Diversity in Living  World 

Total (1 marks)

9.What is living

Taxonomical hierarchy; Binomial  nomenclature; Tools for study of  Taxonomy– Museums, Zoos,  Herbaria, Botanical gardens

10. Animal kingdom

Salient features and classification of  animals- non chordate up to phyla  level and chordate up to classes level  (salient features and examples).

Cell Structure and Function 

Total (1 mark)

11. Chemical  

constituents of  living cells( Bio molecules)

Enzymes - types, properties, enzyme action

Human Physiology 

Total (3 marks)

12. Breathing and  Respiration

Mechanism of breathing and its  regulation in humans - Exchange of  gases, transport of gases and  regulation of respiration, Respiratory  volumes; Disorders related to  respiration-Asthma, Emphysema,  Occupational respiratory disorders

13. Body fluids and circulation

Composition of blood, blood groups,  coagulation of blood; Human  

circulatory system - Structure of  human heart Cardiac cycle, cardiac  output, ECG; Disorders of circulatory system-Hypertension, Coronary artery disease, Angina pectoris, Heart failure

14. Excretory  

products and their elimination

Modes of excretion – Ammonotelism,  Ureotelism, Uricotelism; Human  excretory system–structure and  fuction; Regulation of kidney function– Renin-angiotensin, Atrial Natriuretic  Factor, ADH ;Disorders-Uraemia,  Renal failure, Renal calculi, Nephritis;  Dialysis and artificial kidney

15. Locomotion  and Movement

Skeletal muscle - contractile proteins  and muscle contraction Joints;  Disorders of muscular and skeletal  system- Myasthenia gravis, Tetany,  Muscular dystrophy, Arthritis,  Osteoporosis, Gout.

16. Neural control  and coordination

Neuron and nerves; Nervous system  in humans– central nervous system,  peripheral nervous system and  visceral nervous system; Generation  and conduction of nerve impulse

17. Chemical  

coordination and  regulation

Human endocrine system  

Hypothalamus, Pituitary, Pineal,  Thyroid, Parathyroid, Adrenal,  Pancreas, Gonads; Common  disorders e.g. Dwarfism, Acromegaly,  Cretinism, goiter, exophthalmic goiter,  diabetes, Addison’s disease

Sl. No

Topics

No. of Questions

Mark

1

SETS  

:Union,intersection,complement and difference of sets

4

4

2

Permutations and  combinations 

Permutations of different  objects taken at a time

Combinations of n different  objects taken r at a time 

2

2

3

Differentiability and  

continuity 

Derivative of function 

Tangents and normals 

Increasing and Decreasing  Function

3

3

4

Probability  

Probability of independent  events

1

1

5

Binomial theorem  

General and middle terms of the expansion( a+b)n ,

2

2

6

Sequences and Series 

n th term

Sum of n terms of a GP,number of terms of GP

3

3

7

Relations and Functions 

Inverse of the function,Composition of  function

2

2

8

Matrices and Determinants 

Adjoint and Inverse of the  matrix,Transpose of a  

matrix

3

3

Module No.

Description

Marks

1

Dairy Development and Co-operative system Overview of the dairy industry in India, History of Dairy  development in India and Kerala, Operation Flood,  NDDB, MILMA,

2

2

Milk Production- Classification and characteristics of  dairy animal breeds, Clean milk production, Dairy  farming practices, and management, Feed formulation  and rationing for dairy animals, Fodder, Cattle diseases

5

3

Milk Processing and Preservation- Raw milk quality  assessment and grading, Pricing, Market milk, Principles of milk processing, Pasteurization and sterilization  techniques, Homogenization and standardization of milk, Milk preservation methods - refrigeration, and  fermentation,

5

4

Dairy Products Technology- Fat-rich products,  Fermented milk products, Ice cream and frozen  desserts, Traditional dairy products, Cereal-based milk  products, Dried milk products, Cheese.

4

5

Quality Control and Safety in Dairy Industry- Physico chemical properties of milk, Quality control of raw milk  and dairy products, Food safety standards and  regulations in the dairy industry, Hygiene and sanitation  practices in milk processing plants

4

Subject

Marks

Weightage

Physics

20

20%

Chemistry

20

20%

Botany

10

10%

Zoology

10

10%

Mathematics

20

20%

Basic Dairy Science

20

20%

Total

100

100%